An electric screw pump typically refers to a pump that uses a screw mechanism (single or multiple rotors) driven by an electric motor to move fluids or gases. These pumps are widely used in industries for transferring viscous liquids, handling sludge, or creating vacuum conditions. Below is a detailed breakdown of their working principles, types, and applications.
Electric screw pumps can be categorized based on their function:
Used for pumping viscous fluids, oils, sludge, or abrasive liquids.
Common types:
Single-screw pump (Progressive Cavity Pump – PCP)
Twin-screw pump
Triple-screw pump
Used for oil-free vacuum generation in industries like semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, and food processing.
Works similarly to a liquid screw pump but compresses gas instead.
Rotor & Stator Mechanism
A helical rotor (screw) rotates inside a stator (elastic sleeve).
As the rotor turns, cavities form and progress from the suction side to the discharge side.
Fluid Intake & Transport
Fluid enters the pump through the inlet.
The rotating screw traps and pushes the fluid in a continuous, pulsation-free flow.
Discharge
The fluid exits at a higher pressure due to the progressive compression.
Two Intermeshing Screws
A pair of synchronized rotors rotate in opposite directions.
Gas Compression
Gas enters through the inlet and gets trapped between the screws.
The volume reduces as the screws rotate, compressing the gas.
Exhaust
The compressed gas is expelled through the outlet.
| Feature | Liquid Screw Pump | Dry Screw Vacuum Pump |
|---|---|---|
| Fluid/Gas Handling | High-viscosity liquids, slurries | Gases, vapors (oil-free) |
| Sealing | Requires mechanical seals | No oil, dry operation |
| Maintenance | Moderate (wear on stator) | Low (no oil changes) |
| Efficiency | High for thick fluids | Energy-efficient for vacuum |
| Applications | Oil transfer, wastewater, food processing | Semiconductor, chemical, packaging |
✔ Oil & Gas – Transferring crude oil, fuel, and drilling mud.
✔ Wastewater Treatment – Handling sludge and abrasive fluids.
✔ Food & Beverage – Pumping syrups, chocolate, and pastes.
✔ Chemical Industry – Moving corrosive or viscous chemicals.
✔ Semiconductor Manufacturing – Cleanroom processes.
✔ Pharmaceuticals – Oil-free vacuum for drying & packaging.
✔ Plastic & Packaging – Vacuum forming & degassing.
Small Liquid Screw Pumps (1–50 m³/h): $1,000–$10,000
Industrial Twin-Screw Pumps: $10,000–$50,000+
Dry Screw Vacuum Pumps: $5,000–$200,000 (depending on size & brand)
Liquid Screw Pumps: NETZSCH, Seepex, Alfa Laval, Colfax (Warren)
Dry Screw Vacuum Pumps: Atlas Copco, Busch, Pfeiffer Vacuum, Leybold
Electric screw pumps are highly efficient for handling viscous liquids or creating oil-free vacuum. The choice between a liquid screw pump and a dry screw vacuum pump depends on the application—whether you need to move fluids or generate a clean vacuum.
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