What are the parts of a progressive cavity pump assembly

Screw Pump Components: Detailed Breakdown

A screw pump (progressive cavity pump) consists of several key parts that work together to move fluids efficiently. Below is a detailed explanation of each component:

1. Rotor (Screw)

• The rotating helical screw (usually made of hardened steel or stainless steel).

• Typically has a single-threaded, helical shape that rotates inside the stator.

• Responsible for creating the pumping action by forming sealed cavities.

2. Stator (Elastomer Lining)

• A stationary double-helix elastomer sleeve (usually made of rubber, nitrile, or PTFE).

• The stator has one more lobe than the rotor (e.g., a single-helix rotor fits inside a double-helix stator).

• Provides a sealed chamber for fluid movement.

3. Drive Shaft (Transmission Shaft)

• Connects the motor to the rotor.

• Often includes a universal joint or flexible coupling to accommodate misalignment.

4. Universal Joint / Cardan Joint

• Allows the rotor to rotate eccentrically inside the stator.

• Compensates for the wobbling motion caused by the rotor’s helical path.

5. Inlet (Suction Port) & Outlet (Discharge Port)

• Inlet: Where fluid enters the pump.

• Outlet: Where pressurized fluid exits.

• Designed to minimize turbulence and ensure smooth flow.

6. Casing / Pump Housing

• The outer metal body that holds the stator and supports the pump structure.

• Often made of cast iron, stainless steel, or other durable materials.

7. Mechanical Seal or Packing Gland

• Prevents leakage along the drive shaft.

• Mechanical seals are common for high-pressure applications.

• Packing glands (compression seals) are used for abrasive fluids.

8. Bearings

• Support the drive shaft and reduce friction.

• Typically ball bearings or roller bearings for heavy-duty applications.

9. Motor & Coupling

• Provides rotational power (electric, hydraulic, or diesel-driven).

• Coupling connects the motor to the drive shaft.

How These Components Work Together

1. The motor rotates the drive shaft, which turns the rotor.

2. The rotor moves eccentrically inside the stator, creating sealed cavities.

3. Fluid enters through the inlet and gets trapped in these cavities.

4. As the rotor turns, the cavities progress toward the outlet, pushing the fluid out smoothly.

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